In mining, Chihuahua state is the leading producer in the republic of non-ferrous minerals and zinc, and is second nationwide in silver extraction. At the Battle of Parral, the French lost 55 men to the Republican forces. During the 1990s the city grew dramatically economically, becoming the third wealthiest municipality (per capita) in the republic, after Benito Juárez borough of the Federal District (Mexico City), and San Pedro Garza García in Nuevo León. The main cause of degradation has been grazing. On June 2, 1876, Colonel Angel Trías rebelled in favor of the Tuxtepec Plan, seize the capital and take the constitutional governor, Lic. Originally settled in the 16th century and officially founded in 1709, Chihuahua [25] The town of his parish was renamed Dolores Hidalgo in his honor and the state of Hidalgo was created in 1869. The state has an important dairy industry with large milk processors throughout the state. Geographical Location Chihuahua is Mexico's largest state with an estimated area of 247,455.29 km2 and is located in Northwest Mexico. There are two national parks found in the mountainous area of the state: Cumbres de Majalca National Park and Basaseachic Falls National Park. President Juárez immediately sent his Foreign Affairs Minister, Manuel Doblado, who is able to reduce the debts through the Pacto de Soledad (Soledad Pact). [34], The system of avenues and main streets in the city is being constantly revamped, with the construction of new roads and bridges to handle the ever-increasing traffic. All the people who reside in the country at the time of the interview, whether domestic or foreign. In 1709, Antonio de Deza y Ulloa founded the state capital Chihuahua City; shortly after, the city became the headquarters for the regional mining offices of the Spanish crown known as 'Real de Minas de San Francisco de Cuéllar' in honor of the Viceroy of New Spain, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez, Duke of Alburquerque and the Marquee of Cuéllar. General Parras was sent to suppress the movement. Almost 300 Mexicans were killed in the battle, as well as almost 300 wounded. The population density was 12 people per square kilometer (31 people per square mile). Location and Description The state of Chihuahua is located within the northwest central plains of the Mexican Republic. North America: 12th. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, constituting 12.76% of the population. Ángel Trías led a rebellion to successfully depose the unpopular conservative Governor Cordero at the end of 1852. [16][17][18] Later, the Inquisition issued an excommunication edict on October 13, 1810 condemning Miguel Hidalgo as a seditionary, apostate, and heretic. The federal government was successful in quelling rebellions in Durango an Chihuahua. Many sites and memories remain of the Revolutionary era; the most important of these is the Historical Museum of the Mexican Revolution at Villa's former estate house near downtown Chihuahua. The mining industry is a small but continues to produce large amounts of minerals. At the end of 1884, the first line of urban trams was inaugurated between Plaza de la Constitución and the primitive station of the National Railways. Although President José Mariano Paredes' issuance of a manifesto on May 23 is sometimes considered the declaration of war, Mexico officially declared war by Congress on July 7. The Plan of Tuxtepec defended the "No Re-election" principle. Because of the different geologic regions there are contrasting climates and ecosystems. There is a large central depot for intercity buses in the south side of the city serving as a hub for the county's main bus companies as well as regional, state, and international bus companies. By 1984, the metropolitan area of the city of Chihuahua had 29 maquiladora plants in the Las Américas Industrial Park, of which those dedicated to the production of electrical and electronic components for export stood out. The Plaza de Toros "La Esperanza", or bull ring, 'La Esperanza' is located on Teofilo Borunda on the north side of the river, and features corridas (bullfights) during the summer and fall. Most people in Chihuahua speak Spanish, but a small percentage (3.2%) speak indigenous languages. In March 1914 Carranza traveled to Ciudad Juárez, which served as rebellion's capital for the remainder of the struggle with Huerta. With this mixture of races he was writing, over the centuries, the history of the capital. Duke of Alburquerque and Marquis de Cuéllar. [19] The remains of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla lie in the column of the Angel of Independence in Mexico City. Ciudad Juarez Urban Area Population History. Left to right by row, from top to bottom: Chihuahua cityscape featuring Cerro Grande, the Angel of Liberty monument, Quinta Gameros University Cultural Center, General Roberto Fierro Villalobos International Airport, Historical Museum of the Mexican Revolution, List of tallest buildings in Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Roberto Fierro Villalobos International Airport, Secretariat of Communications and Transportation, "Constitución Política del Estado Libre y Soberano de Chihuahua", "Rinde protesta Eugenio Baeza como alcalde de Chihuahua", "Regresa Garfio a la alcaldía de Chihuahua", https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235702/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/EMM08chihuahua/municipios/08019a.html, "Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua – ORGULLO DE SER UACH", "Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification", "World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated", "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Chihuahua, Chihuahua", "Normales climatológicas para Chihuahua, Chihuahua", "Normales climatológicas para el Estado de Chihuahua", "Klimatafel von Chihuahua, Chihuahua / Mexiko", "Autoriza SCT rutas troncales 2 y 3 del ViveBús para Chihuahua", "Regresa el cobro electrónico para el metrobús, aquí detalles", "Licitan equipo wifi para Internet en estaciones de troncal del MetroBus", "Arranca servicio de DiDi en Chihuahua; busca destronar a Uber", Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, "Hoy inaugura EPN Centro de Justicia en Chihuahua, el más grande LA", Bibliography of the history of Chihuahua City, List of the sixty-seven municipalities in Chihuahua with their municipal seats (cabecera municipal), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chihuahua_City&oldid=997848662, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Wikipedia articles with style issues from April 2019, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, State Supreme Tribunal of Justice Building, Singers in English, English and Spanish shows. Chihuahua City is the capital of the state of Chihuahua. The report published by the Directorate General of Statistics gave the city of Chihuahua, in 1895, the number of 19,520 people. David Alfaro Siqueiros was commissioned by San Nicolás University in Morelia to paint a mural for a celebration commemorating the 200th anniversary of Hidalgo's birth. At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutiérrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. On October 18, 1968, the University of Chihuahua was granted full autonomy. The state has an uneven settlement of people and the lowest population density of any Mexican state; according to the 2005 census there were 12 people per km2. Hidalgo reached Saltillo, Coahuila where he publicly resigned his military post and rejected a pardon offered by Viceroy Francisco Venegas in return for Hidalgo's surrender. Chihuahua, city, capital of Chihuahua estado (state), northern Mexico. Chihuahua showed no desire to imitate the revolutionary movement and Urrea prepared to invade the state. According to anthropologist current natives tribes (Yaqui, Mayo, Opata, and Tarahumara) are descendants of the Casas Grandes culture. Disillusioned with the liberal political views of Maximilian, the Mexican conservatives abandoned him, and in 1867 the last of the Emperor's forces were defeated. The bell in the church was declared a historical monument and can be seen today in the Cathedral. Delicias is home to Alpura, the second-largest dairy company in Mexico. In his spontaneous response to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson Carranza asked "that the president withdraw American troops from Mexico.”[41], The situation became so tense that war with the United States seemed imminent. The military entered as a third party. After a review of the situation, Simón Elías González declared that the interests of the territory would be best served by uniting the civil and military power, at least while the campaign lasted. Get details of properties and view photos. Three years later there were a hundred and fifty urban service aircraft and the long-distance aircraft began operating on 1 April 1930. By 1881, the Central Mexican Railroad was completed which connected Mexico City to Ciudad Juárez. This year there are 150,430 inhabitants. The state is also a host to a large population of birds which include endemic species and migratory species: greater roadrunner Geococcyx californianus, cactus wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Mexican jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri, acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus, canyon towhee Pipilo fuscus, mourning dove Zenaida macroura, broad-billed hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris, Montezuma quail Cyrtonyx montezumae, mountain trogon Trogon mexicanus, turkey vulture Cathartes aura, and golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos. He retired to Aldama, gathered the national guard under the command of Colonel José Esteban crowned and the next 19 recaptured the capital. Mexico: 8th. Chihuahua. Pine (Pinus) and oak (Quercus) species are usually found at an elevation of 2,000 m (6,560 ft) above sea level. As president, Esteban Uranga built another market building, with the same title and farther from the city center. On September 15, 1877, it was inaugurated by the governor of the state, General Angel Trías the "Teatro Betancourt", located in the street of La Libertad, built by the Jalisciense Don Miguel Betancourt, who was located in Chihuahua for more than twenty years. 2, as quoted in, Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Our Lady of Regla and St Francis of Assisi, Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Our Lady of Regla, and St Francis of Assisi, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, Instituto Tecnólogico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Chihuahua, Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, "Senadores por Chihuahua LXII Legislatura", "Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Chihuahua", "Reporte: Jueves 3 de Junio del 2010. Minimum elevation: 0 ft [14] Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal priests and many poor people. Being completely caught off guard, the French imperial forces sought refuge by bunkering themselves in the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Our Lady of Regla, and St Francis of Assisi and made it almost impossible to penetrate their defenses. The Spanish society that developed in the region replaced the sparse population of indigenous peoples. In the name of the king of Spain came the "visitors" to investigate the morality and justice of the kingdoms and to collect taxes. Chihuahua is de hoofdstad van de gelijknamige staat en van de gelijknamige gemeente in het noorden van Mexico. Díaz created an effective centralized government that helped concentrate wealth and political power among the elite upper class, mostly criollo. On November 9, 1947, the Government Palace by the then President of the Republic, Mr. Miguel Alemán. The Samalayuca dunes cover an area of about 150 km2; it is an impressive site of the Chihuahuan Desert and is a protected area by the state due to unique species of plants and animals. In 1998, construction began on the new UACh campus north of the city. Annual Weather Averages in Chihuahua. Delicias is a small industrial city and a major agricultural center located in the Conchos River Valley. He resigned under opposition, but was renominated in 1837. President Juárez returned to Chihuahua City on November 20, 1865 and remained in the city until December 9, 1865 when he returned to El Paso del Norte. While Chihuahua has a fair share of desert, it also boasts beautiful waterfalls, plunging canyons and has more green forests than any other Mexican state. Usually, these months have warm days, averaging 22 °C (71.6 °F) to 28 °C (82.4 °F) and cool nights (around 5 °C (41.0 °F) to 11 °C (51.8 °F)). Cajen took possession of the state capital and established himself as governor; he brooked no delay in uniting a large force to combat the liberal forces which he defeated in La Batalla del Gallo. The Chihuahuan Desert boasts 3,000 plant species, including more than 500 of the world's 1,500 species of cactus. He decreed Parral the capital of Mexico from October 2–5, 1864. In 1923 Villa was assassinated by a group of seven gunmen who ambushed him while he was sitting in the back seat of his car in Parral. Shortly after the president left Chihuahua City, Terrazas was restored as governor of the state on December 11, 1865. Chihuahua (Mexico): Municipalities & Localities with population statistics, charts and maps. On July 8, 1865 Brincourt crossed the Nazas River in northern Durango, heading toward Chihuahua. The victory of the Plan of Tuxtepec, gave the interim presidency to José María Iglesias and later, as the only candidate, the General Porfirio Díaz assumed the presidency on May 5, 1877. Home → America → Mexico → Chihuahua. On the afternoon of July 27, 1981, Aeromexico's DC-9 "Yucatan" aircraft, covering regular flight 230 between Monterrey and Tijuana, went off the runway when landing at Chihuahua airport, for the force of wind and rain. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, American forces returned to the United States. President Benito Juárez was re-elected in the general election of 1867 in which he received strong liberal support, especially in Chihuahua. Hidalgo fought to protect the rights of the poor and indigenous population. Population in City Area, 2014-10-17. When Díaz first ran for office, he committed to a strict “No Re-election” policy in which he disqualified himself to serve consecutive terms. The Plaza Mayor is an important square in the downtown that displays fountains, green spaces and a collection of monuments depicting local heroes. On May 5, 1862, Don Mariano Sáenz built at his expense the first building specifically intended for theater, was called "Teatro de Zaragoza", was located in the street of La Libertad, near the current Plaza de Merino and premiered with the play "Los French in Mexico." During the American occupation of the state, the number of Indian attacks was drastically reduced, but in 1848 the attacks resumed to such a degree that the Mexican officials had no choice but to resume military projects to protect Mexican settlements in the state. They own their own businesses in various communities in Chihuahua, and account for about half of the state's farm economy, excelling in cheese production. However, by 1913 his forces had swelled into an army of thousands, called the División del Norte (Northern Division). [22] Hidalgo's headless body was first displayed outside the prison but then buried in the Church of St Francis in Chihuahua. Chihuahua has a diversified state economy. The state is represented at the federal level in the Congress of the Union by three senators and nine deputies (representatives). The city lies at an elevation of about 4,800 feet (1,460 metres) in a valley of the Sierra Madre Occidental at the edge of the Chihuahuan Desert. On August 20, 1914, Carranza made a triumphal entry into Mexico City. Shows how much people think the problem in their community are property crimes (home broken, car theft, etc. ), violent crimes (being mugged or robbed, being attacked or insulted), corruption and other crimes. On June 2, 1876 the garrisons in the state of Chihuahua surrendered to the authority of General Porfirio Díaz; Governor Antonio Ochoa was arrested until all the Lerdista forces were suppressed throughout the state. 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