Some people live by the motto “bigger is better,” and it extends to their dogs, too. Gundogs, including Pointers, Retrievers, and Spaniels It was first developed in Germany.They are often used as police dogs, but they have many other uses. [25] California Assembly Act AB 1634 was a bill introduced in 2007 that would require all non-working dogs of mixed breed over the age of 6 months to be neutered or spayed. They often serve as registries, which are lists of adult purebred dogs and lists of litters of puppies born to purebred parents. In 2012, a study looked at 49,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 1,375 dogs representing 35 breeds, 19 wolves, and previous published genetic signatures of other breeds, giving a total of 121 breeds covered. English: Dog breeds normally have several different names. [17], The study found distinct genetic clusters within modern dogs that largely corresponded to phenotype or function. List of dog breeds, for a complete list of breed names, including many known variants, whether or not there are existing articles. Coren published a second edition in 2006. [4] Driven by dog shows and the groups that hosted them, the term dog breed took on an entirely new meaning. See each article for more information. This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. According to the FCI, the breed's English language name is German Shepherd Dog.The breed was officially [who?] A dog breed is represented by a sufficient number of individuals to stably transfer its specific characteristics over generations. However, the United Kennel Club recognizes one breed of feist, the Treeing Feist, while the American Kennel Club does not recognize any feist breed. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund), also known as the Alsatian, is a breed of medium-large dog. 1 Nintendogs (DS) 1.1 Table 1.2 Visual 1.2.1 Chihuahua & Friends 1.2.2 Labrador & Friends 1.2.3 Dachshund & Friends 1.2.4 Dalmatian & Friends 1.2.5 Best Friends 1.2.6 Chihuahua & Friends (JAP) 1.2.7 Shiba Inu & Friends 1.2.8 Dachshund & Friends (JAP) 2 Nintendogs + Cats (3DS) 2.1 Table 2.2 Visual 2.2.1 French Bulldog & New Friends 2.2.2 Golden Retriever & New Friends / Shiba Inu & New … The domestic dog's origin includes the dog's genetic divergence from the wolf, its domestication, and its development into dog types and dog breeds.The dog is a member of the genus Canis, which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and was the first species and the only large carnivore to have been domesticated. Dog breed, for information about what a dog breed is. These included spitz-breeds, toy dogs, spaniels, Mastiff-like breeds, small terriers, retrievers, herding dogs, scent-hounds, and sight-hounds. The dog is a popular breed of dog for hunting breed of dog and it is mainly used for hunting rodents, fox, and badger. Notably, dog breeds with flat faces and short noses have breathing difficulties,[37] eye trouble and other health issues.[38]. [12][16] These breeds were referred to as "ancient", as opposed to modern, breeds because historically it was believed their origins dated back more than 500 years. The book explains Coren's theories about the differences in intelligence between various breeds of dogs. The optimal maximum size for a sled dog is 20–25 kg (44–55 lb) based on thermo-regulation, and the ancient sled dogs were between 16–25 kg (35–55 lb). Mastiff-type dogs were kept for guarding and hunting, and short-legged dogs were also bred. [26] The bill was morally controversial, leading the American Kennel Club to fight the bill. [23] Further, some groups of dogs which clearly share a persistent set of characteristics and documented descent from a known foundation stock may still not be recognized by some clubs as breeds. Their behavioural traits include guarding, herding, and hunting, and personality traits such as hypersocial behavior, boldness, and aggression. Kennel Clubs maintain breed standards, record pedigrees in a breed registry (or studbook), and issue the rules for conformation dog shows and trials and accreditation of judges. Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. [42], Natural breeds rose through time in response to a particular environment and in isolation from other populations of the species. As a result, today dogs are the most abundant carnivore species and are dispersed around the world. Purebred dog breeders of today "have inherited a breeding paradigm that is, at the very least, a bit anachronistic in light of modern genetic knowledge, and that first arose out of a pretty blatant misinterpretation of Darwin and an enthusiasm for social theories that have long been discredited as scientifically insupportable and morally questionable. [43] This environment included humans but with little or no selective breeding by humans. The combination of introgression and past population bottlenecks suggested that basal breeds have little or no genetic connections to their ancestral populations and that their genetic distinctiveness does not signify ancient heritage. These breeds possess distinct morphological traits including body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur colour and fur type. This continues today, resulting in hundreds of dog breeds, some that are similar to each other, and others that are very different. As in a 2004 study that found 9 ‘ancient breeds’ to be genetically divergent, the study found 13 breeds that were genetically divergent from the modern breeds: the Basenji, Saluki, Afghan hound, Samoyed, Canaan dog, New Guinea singing dog, dingo, Chow Chow, Chinese Shar Pei, Akita, Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky and American Eskimo dog. [27], The Canadian department of agriculture has strict standards for the documenting of what it calls "evolving breeds".[28]. You can search trough all the breeds including pictures and … The study found that dog breeds were so genetically distinct that 99% of individual dogs could be correctly assigned to their breed based on their genotype, indicating that breeding barriers (pure-bred breeding) have led to distinct genetic units. D&D Beyond Breed categories. The best way to determine the temperament of a mixed breed is to look up all breeds in the cross and know you can get any combination of any of the characteristics found in either breed. When distinguishing breed from type, the rule of thumb is that a breed always "breeds true". The dogs were selectively bred as either sled dogs or as hunting dogs, which implies that a sled dog standard and a hunting dog standard existed at that time. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt]) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. Includes personality, history, dog pictures, dog health info, and more. … This breed of dog is a powerful dog according to the character. Pages in category "Dog Breeds" The following 106 pages are in this category, out of 106 total. Results also indicated that the Basenji had recent admixture with Middle Eastern wolves.[17]. Other temperaments may be due to the legacies of 'ancient' ancestry.[20]. List of extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. A dog breed is a particular strain or dog type that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. [6][4] Different types or breeds of dog were being developed by breeders who wanted to define specific characteristics and desirable features in their dogs. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dog breeds. Animal Planet. The Kennel Club in the UK was founded in 1873, and was the world's first national kennel club and breed registry. Visit Animal Planet now to take the dog breed quiz and find out. Four varieties of the Belgian Shepherd Dog are recognised as four distinct breeds by the New Zealand Kennel Club. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. A typical brachycephalic molossoid type breed, the Bordeaux is a very powerful dog, with a very muscular body. [1][3][4] Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.[5]. We considered various features to make each description informative. Detailed profiles of more than 200 dog breeds. The dog breed selector helps you determine which type of dog you should get. [40][41], A mongrel, mixed-breed dog or mutt is a dog that does not belong to one officially recognized breed but can be a mix of two breeds and is not the result of intentional breeding. [7] They became the guardians of their country's breed standards. [44], Group of closely related and visibly similar domestic dogs, "Dog10K: An international sequencing effort to advance studies of canine domestication, phenotypes, and health", "Analysis of Genetic Variation in 28 Dog Breed Populations With 100 Microsatellite Markers", Origins of the dog: domestication and early history, "Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication", "Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography", "Canine Genetics Offers New Mechanisms for the Study of Human Cancer", "The New Breed Of Municipal Dog Control Laws:Are They Constitutional? Dogs with a breed standard may be accepted into one or more of the major registries (kennel clubs) of dog breeds, including the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (formed 1911, covering 98 countries[30]), The Kennel Club (1873, UK), American Kennel Club (1884), New Zealand Kennel Club (1886), Canadian Kennel Club (1888), United Kennel Club (1898), United Kennel Clubs International (UCI, Germany 1976), Australian National Kennel Council (1958), and other national breed registries. [22] Such records, called stud books, may be maintained by individuals, clubs, or other organizations. Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Hunting dogs; Hounds, including Sight hounds and Scent hounds. As a result, the large phenotypic variation across dog breeds can be studied through the analysis with only a small number of genetic markers.[14]. The same standard has been found in the remains of sled dogs from this region 2,000 years ago and in the modern Siberian Husky breed standard. They are distinctive from the modern breeds because the genetic heritage of the modern breeds has become blurred due to admixture, and the basal breeds have mostly avoided admixture with them due to geographic or cultural barriers. Recognized dog breeds are classified by groups, such as Hound, Terrier, Working, Herding, Sporting, Non-Sporting, Toy and Miscellaneous; some groups may be further subdivided by some registries. [1] Dogs are the most variable mammal on earth, with artificial selection producing around 450 globally recognized dog breeds. Some may be locally adapted dog types (or landraces) that may have the visual characteristics of a modern purebred dog.In contrast, modern dog breeds strictly adhere to long established breed standards, that began with documented foundation breeding stock sharing a … At death, the heads of the dogs had been carefully separated from their bodies by humans, probably for ceremonial reasons. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes over 300 dog breeds. An individual dog is identified as a member of a breed through proof of ancestry, using genetic analysis or written records of ancestry. [13], Domestic dogs are the most variable of mammals. Between 1915 and 1940, American Kennel Club statistics … Over time, other breed registries followed suit. Prior to the Victorian era, there were different types of dogs that were defined by their function. Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Dog breeds are also sometimes grouped into similar types, such as Mastiff types, spitz types, pit bulls, or Lurchers. Also there is a Dog Breed Selector and a lot information about dogs. They were trained to hunt animals such as elks, wild boar, and Ussuri brown bears. This wiki will inform you about some of the dog breeds. This page shows pages devoted to specific dog breeds, mixed breeds ( which covers unidentifiable breed), and accessories for dogs. Kennel clubs provide the recognition of distinct dog breeds, but there are many independent clubs with differing, and sometimes inconsistent standards and they need not apply scientific standards. Dog show competitions included best in breed winners, and the purebreds were winning. : Alpine Mastiff Sometimes they inbreed dogs who have the same close ancestors, and sometimes they mix dogs from very different ancestors or even from different breeds. The Welsh Terrier is a breed of dog. [18], Of the basal breeds, the American Eskimo Dog and Eurasier were the very recent product of cross-breeding other basal breeds. Feists have a consistent set of characteristics that reliably differentiate them from other dog types and breeds. The Chinook is a rare breed of sled dog, developed in the state of New Hampshire during the early 20th century. The common names of the dog are Welshie and WT. Name Image Notes Alaunt: Large running dogs used during the Middle Ages to seize and bring down game for the hunter to dispatch; they were described as having the body of a greyhound with a broad and short brachycephalic type head. For instance, the feist is a hunting dog raised in the Southern United States for hunting small game. They share ancestry with the Pekingese, Japanese Chin, Shih Tzu, Lhasa Apso, Tibetan Terrier and Pug. It is becoming popular to breed together two different breeds of dogs and call the new dog's breed a name that is a mixture of the parents' breeds' two names. The spread of modern dog breeds has been difficult to resolve because many are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830–1900). Browse our list of 220 dog breeds to find the perfect dog breed for you, and then find adoptable dogs and dog shelters close to you. Find the dog breed that is right for you. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. This breed in the 1600s was involved in dog fighting, which at the time was popular in Japan. The study found a deep genetic split between old-world and new-world wolves, and confirmed the genetic divergence of 13 breeds from a 2010 study (Afghan Hound, Akita, Alaskan Malamute, American Eskimo, Basenji, Canaan dog, Chow Chow, Dingo, New Guinea singing dog, Saluki, Samoyed, Shar-Pei, Siberian Husky), plus another three: the Eurasier, Finnish Spitz and Shiba Inu. The breed standard for each breed of dog is a detailed description of the appearance and behaviour of an idealized dog of that breed. A dog is a friend that never betrays the master. The Chinook is New Hampshire's official state dog. The origins of dogs date back thousands of years, having evolved as domesticated descendants of the wolf, whereas modern dog breeds date back to the late 19th century. The skull, body, and limb proportions vary significantly between breeds, with dogs displaying more phenotypic diversity than can be found within t… Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. These are names that dogs use for Dog Breeds.. Trending pages. [39] "Designer Dog" became a fad in the late 20th century. In 2004, a study looked at the microsatellites of 414 purebred dogs representing 85 breeds. See each article for more information. Breeds. Subcategories. Without such proof, identification of a specific breed is not reliable. Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. The St. Bernard was one of the first breeds of dogs to be documented and differentiated from other large farm dogs of the area. [19], In 2014, a study indicated that some breed-temperaments, such as anxiety or fear, may be linked to gene mutations. Over 300 dog breeds information and photos Dog Breeds: Guideline for Exacting Dog Owners. Many different terms were used to describe dogs, such as breed, strain, type, kind, and variety. The Intelligence of Dogs is a 1994 book on dog intelligence by Stanley Coren, a professor of canine psychology at the University of British Columbia. Other dogs were more massive at 30 kg (66 lb) and appear to be dogs that had been crossed with wolves and used for polar-bear hunting. "Ancient breed" is a term formerly, but no longer, used for a particular group of dog breeds by the American Kennel Club. There were 17 breeds that conflicted with phenotype or function and these were thought to be the result of crossing some of the other phenotypes. Standing 21 to 27 inches in height at the withers and weighing 55 to 90 pounds, the Chinook is balanced and muscular. Most of these breeds were developed within the last 200 years using only small numbers of founders. Most breeds were derived from small numbers of founders within the last 200 years. [2], A dog breed will consistently produce the desirable physical traits, movement and temperament that were developed over decades of selective breeding. The study found that the Pharaoh Hound and Ibizan Hound were not as old as once believed; rather, they had been recreated from combinations of other breeds, and that the Norwegian Elkhound grouped with the other European dogs despite reports of direct Scandinavian origins dating back 5,000 years.[15]. The study indicated that throughout history, global dog populations experienced numerous episodes of diversification and homogenization, with each round further reducing the power of genetic data derived from modern breeds to help infer their early history. [33][34] Indeed, studies have reported lifespans that are shorter by between one and almost two years. A puppy with a poodle and a … [11][12] In 2010, a study looked at 48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 912 dogs representing 85 breeds. These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.46 kg (1.0 lb) teacup poodle to a 90 kg (200 lb) giant mastiff. Dogs of same breed have similar characteristics of appearance and behavior, primarily because they come from a select set of ancestors who had the same characteristics. To aid in … This is a list of dog breeds, including extant breeds and extinct breeds, varieties and types. There are over 340 dog breeds known throughout the world. Strong artificial selection has developed around 450 globally recognized breeds. Some of the most popular breeds are sheepdogs, collies, poodles and retrievers. [35][36] [8], In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time. Dog types are broad categories of domestic dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. [6] Breed standards are the reason the breed came to be, and with those standards are key features, including form, function and fitness for purpose. This dog is an old breed of dog. A dog is said to be purebred if their parents were purebred and if the dog meets the standards of the breed. They have been used as herding dogs, guard dogs, military dogs, eyes for the blind and as pets between others. It can help you pick a dog or just help you … ", "Standards of the Breeds: Group 5 – Working", "Get Started - Register Your Mixed Breed Dog With AKC Canine Partners", "List of Breeds by Group – American Kennel Club", "Gender, age, breed and distribution of morbidity and mortality in insured dogs in Sweden during 1995 and 1996", "Mortality in insured Swedish dogs: rates and causes of death in various breeds", "Longevity and mortality of owned dogs in England", "Comparative Longevity of Pet Dogs and Humans: Implications for Gerontology Research", How fashion has left this dog gasping for air, Vets warn people against buying 'flat-faced' dogs, "Genetic Resources and Their Conservation", Fédération Cynologique Internationale breeds nomenclature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dog_breed&oldid=998168663, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 03:59. 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